Warrior Section 6
PIPER WARRIOR III · Weight & Balance
Overview
This document provides detailed information on the weight and balance requirements for the Piper Warrior III aircraft. It outlines the importance of maintaining proper weight and center of gravity (C.G.) for safe operation and includes procedures for weighing the aircraft and calculating loading limits.
- Proper loading is essential for performance and safety.
- The aircraft must be within approved weight and C.G. limits before takeoff.
- Misloading can lead to reduced climb performance and stability issues.
- Basic empty weight and C.G. are determined at licensing.
- Weight and balance calculations are necessary for fuel and baggage loading.
- The pilot is responsible for ensuring proper loading.
- Utility category operations do not allow baggage or aft passengers.
- Weight and balance records must be updated after modifications.
Summary written by AI from the source document. Check the original before relying on it. See which parts of Sprinkle are written by AI.
Reference only, not for flight. Use the current approved manual for your aircraft. See terms, section 5.
Document
Source
Copy found at fliegen.ch. Sprinkle hosts a reference copy with an added summary, specifications and searchable full text.
Document details
- Type ·
- Weight & Balance
- Year ·
- 1995
- File size ·
- 853 KB
- Copy found at ·
- fliegen.ch
- Language ·
- en
Specifications & performance
Extracted from this document.
Specifications
- Max gross weight (lb) ·
- 2202
Performance
- Max fuel capacity (gal) ·
- 48
- Max baggage capacity (lb) ·
- 200
Weight & balance
- Max takeoff weight (lb) ·
- 2202
- Utility max weight (lb) ·
- 2020
What is the Warrior Section 6?
The Warrior Section 6 is a weight & balance for the PIPER WARRIOR III, dated 1995.
What year was the Warrior Section 6 published?
The Warrior Section 6 — the PIPER WARRIOR III weight & balance on file — is dated 1995.
Common. One of the most common aircraft types we track.
Most owners only have the POH. Here's the essential set for the PIPER WARRIOR III.
- Pilot's Operating Handbook / AFM
- Checklist
- Maintenance Manual
- Parts Catalog (IPC)
- Systems & Wiring
- Service Bulletins on file
- Type Certificate (TCDS)
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In this document
General
The aircraft must be flown within the approved weight and C.G. range to achieve designed performance and flying characteristics.
Weighing Procedure
Details the steps to prepare and weigh the aircraft to determine basic empty weight and C.G. location.
Weight and Balance Data and Record
Describes the importance of maintaining accurate records of basic empty weight and modifications affecting weight or moment.
Weight and Balance Determination for Flight
Outlines the steps to calculate total weight and C.G. location for flight, ensuring compliance with weight and balance requirements.
C.G. Range and Weight Graph
Illustrates the relationship between weight and C.G. location to ensure safe loading.
Summary written by AI from the source document. Check the original before relying on it. See which parts of Sprinkle are written by AI.
Safety notes
- An overloaded airplane will not perform as intended.
- C.G. too far forward can hinder takeoff and landing.
- C.G. too far aft can lead to stability issues and increased stall risk.
- Always check calculations before adding fuel to prevent improper loading.
- It is the pilot's responsibility to ensure proper loading.
Summary written by AI from the source document. Check the original before relying on it. See which parts of Sprinkle are written by AI.
Full document text
PA-28-161, WARRTOR III SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE 6.1 GENERAL In order to achieve the performance and flying characteristics which are designed into the airplane, it must be flown with the weight and center of gravity (C.G.) position within the approved operating range (envelope). Although the airplane offers a flexibility of loacling, it cannot be flown with the maximum number of aclult passengers, full lucl tanks and maximum baggage. With this loading llcxibility comcs rcsponsibility. Tlrc pilot nrus( insure that the airplane is loaded within the loading envelope beforc takeoff. Misloading carries consequences for any aircraft. An overloaded air- plane will not take off, climb or cruise as well as a properly loaded one. The heavier the airplane is loaded, the less climb performance it will have. Center of gravity is a determining factor in flight characteristics. If the C.G. is too far forward in any airplane, it may be difficult to rotate for takeoff or landing. If the C.G. is too far aft, the airplane may rotate prematurely on takeoff or tend to pitch up during climb. Longitudinal stability will be reduced. This can lead to inadvertent stalls and even spins; and spin recovery becomes more difficult as the center of gravity moves aft of the approved limit. A properly loaded airplane, however, will perform as intended' Before the airplane is licensed, it is weighed, and a basic empty weight and C.G. location is computed (basic empty weight consists of the standard empty weight of the airplane plus the optional equipment). Using the basic empty weight and C.G. location, the pilot can easily determine the weight and C.G. position for the loaded airplane by computing the total weight and moment and then determining whether they are within the approved envelope. REPORT: VB-1618 6-l ISSUED: JULY 12,1995 SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND IIALANCE PA.28.161,lilARRIOR III The basic empty weiglrt and C.G. location are recorded in the Weight and Balance Data Form (Figure 6-5) and the Weight and Balance Record (Figure 6-?). The current values should always be used' Whenever new equipment is added or any modification work is done, the mechanic responsible for the work is required to compute a new basic empty weight and C.G. position and to write these in the Aircraft Log Book and the Weight and Balance Record. The owner should make sure that it is done. A weight and balance calculation is necessary in determining how much fuel or baggage can be loaded so as to keep within allowable limits. Check calculations prior to adding fuel to insure against improper loading. The following pages are forms used in weighing an airplane in production and in computing basic empty weight, C.G. position, and useful load. Note that thc useful load includes usable fuel, baggage, cargo and passengers. Following this is the method for conputing takeoff weight and c.G. 6.3 AIRPLAND WEIGHING PROCEDURE At the tirne of licensing, Piper provides each airplane with the basic empty weight and center of gravity location. This data is supplied by Figure 6-5. Thc rcuroval or addition of cquiprncnt or airplanc modifications can aflbct thc basio cnrpty wcight and ccntcr oI gravity. Thc following is a wcighing proccdurc to <Jctcrmine this basic crnpty weight and center of gravity location: (a) Preparation (1) Be certain that all items checked in the airplane equipment list are installed in the proper location in the airplane. (2) Remove excessive dirt, grease, moisture, and foreign items, such as rags and tools, frotn ttre airplanc belorc weighing. REPORT: VB-1618 6-2 ISSUED: JULY 12' 1995 P4.28.161, WARRIOR III SECTION 6 WEIGHT ÄND BALANCE (3) Defuel airplane. Then open all fuel drains until all remain- ing fuel is drained. Operate engine on each tank until all undrainable fuel is used and engine stops. Then add the unusable fuel (2.0 gallons total, 1.0 gallon each wing). CAUTION Whenever the fuel system is completely drained and fuel is replenished, it will be necessary to run the engine for a minimum of three minutes at 1000 RPM on each tank to insure no air exists in the fuel supply lines, (4) Fill with oil to full capacity. (5) Place pilot and copilot scats in lourth (4th) notch, aft of forward position. Put flaps in I'ully rctrnctcd position ancl all control surfaccs in tltc ncrrtral position. 'lbw bar shoulcl bc in the proper location and all cntrance and baggage doors should be closed. (6) Weigh the airplane inside a closed building to prevent errors in the scale readings due to wind. (b) Leveling (l) With airplane on scales, block main gear oleo pistons in the fully extended position. (2) Level airplane (refer to Figure 6-3) by deflating the nose wheel tire to center bubble on level. RDPORT: VB-1618 6-3 ISSUED: JULY 12' 1995 SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE PA.28.161, WARRIOR III (c) Weighing - Airplane Basic Empty Weight With the airplane level and brakes released, record the weight shown on each scale. Deduct the tare, if any, from each reading. WEIGHING FORM Figure 6-1 REPORT: VB-1618 6-4 Scale Position and Syrnbol Scale Reading Tare Net Weight Nose Wheel (N) ILight Main Whccl (R) Left Main Wheel (L) Basic Empty Weight, (as Weighed) (r) ISSUED: JULY 12,1995 PA-28-161 WARRIOR III SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE tr EJ iü cd (d) Basic Empty Weight Center of Gravity (1) The following geometry applies to the PA-28-161 airplane when it is level. Refer to Leveling paragraph 6.3 (b). .4 l,evel Points @uselage) Wing lrading Edge R+L a-> A = 31.0 B = 109.7 B NOTE: The DATUM is 78.4 inches ahead of the wing leading edge at the intersection ofthe straight and tapered section. LEVELING DIAGRAM Figure 6-3 (2) The basic empty weight center of gravity (as weighed including optional equipment, full oil and unusable fuel) can be determined by the following formula: C.c. Arm =NIA)-L (BJJIB) inches T REPORT: VB-1618 6-5 N ISSUED: JULY 12,1995 Where:T=N+R+L SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE PA-28-1 61, WARRIOR III
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6.5 WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA AND RECORD The Basic Empty Weight, Center of Cravity Location and Useful Load listed in Figure 6-5 are for the airplane as licensed at the factory. These figures apply only to the specific airplane serial number and registration number shown. The basic cmpty weight of the airplane as licenscd at the factory has been entered in the Weight and Balance Record (Figure 6-7). This form is proviclecl to present the current status of the airplane basic ernpty weight and a complete history of previous rnodifications. Any changc to the per- rnanently installecl equipment or modification which affects weight or moment must be etrtered in the Weight and Balance Record and Equip- ment List. REPORT: VB-1618 6-6 ISSUED: JULY l2,l99s PA.28.161. WARRIOR III SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE 6.7 WEIGHT AND BALANCE DETERMINATION FOR FLIGHT (a) Add the weight of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight. (b) Use the Loading Graph (Figure 6-13) to determine the moment of all items to be carried in the airplane. (c) Add the moment of all itcms to be loadcd to thc basic empty weight moment. (d) Divide the total moment by the total weight to determine the C.G. location. (e) By using the figures of item (a) and item (d) (above), locate a point on the C.G. range and weight graph (Figure 6-15). If the point falls within the C.G. envelope, the loading meets the weight and balance requirements. Momcnt (In-Lbs) Basic Empty Weight 129279 Pilot and Front Passenger 27370 (Rear Seats)* t7'1r5 Fuel (48 Gallon Maximum) 17100 (200 Lbs. Maximum) 3856 Fuel Allowance For Start, Taxi and Run -665 Thkeoff Wei ght (2202 Lbs. Normal, 2020 Lbs. Maximum) 1946s5 The center of gravity (C.G.) of this sample loading problem is at 90.6 inches aft of the datum line. Locate this point (90.6) on the C.G. range and weight graph. Since this point falls within the weight - C.G. envelope, this loading meets the weight and balance requirements. IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PILOT AND AIRCRAFT OWNER TO INS{JRE THAT THE AIRPLANE IS LOADED PROPERLY, r'Utility Category Operation - No baggage or aft passengers allowed. SAMPLE LOADING PROBLEM (NORMAL CATEGORY) Figure 6-9 REPORT: VB-1618 6-ll Weight (Lbs) Arm Ali DaLrrnr (lnchcs) 1505.0 8s.9 340.0 80.5 150.0 1l 8.1 I80.0 95.0 27 142.8 -7.0 95.0 2195.0 88.7 ISSUED: JULY 12,1995 . rl ., SECTION 6 WEIGIIT AND BALANCE PA-28-161 WÄRRIOR III Weight (Lbs) Arm Aft Datum (Inches) l, :; ,, (-. l 80.5 l 18.1 95.0 t42.8 -7 95.0 MomenI (In-Lbs) Basic Empty Weight ' ,,Pilot and Front Passenger Passengers (Rear Seats)* Fuel (48 Gallon Maximum) ßaggage* (200 Lbs. Maxinrurn) Fuel Allowance For Engine Start, Taxi and Run Up -66s Takeoff Weight(2202 Lbs. Normal, 2020 Lbs. Utility Maximum) Totals must be within approvccl wcight and C.G. limits. It is the responsi- bility of thc airplanc owncr antl thc pilot to insurc that thc airplnrtc is loadcd properly. The Basic Empty Wcight C.G. is noted on the Weight ancl Balance Data Form (Figure 6-5). If the airplane has been altered, refer to the Weight and Balance Record for this information. *Utility Category Operation - No baggage or aft passengers allowed. WEIGHT AND BALANCE LOADING F'ORM '' " Figure 6-l I REPORT: V8.1618 6.12 ISSUED: JIJLY 12,1995 PA-28-161 WARRIOR III SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCD o o z tog F :E o ü =o oJ t60 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 60 o MOMENT/1OO0 (POUNDS - INCHESI LOADING GRAPH Figure 6-13 REPORT: VB-16r8 6-13 ISSUED: JULY 12,7995 .:,1 SECTION 6 WEIGI.IT AND BALANCE PA-28-161 WARRIOR III CATEGORY 2202 MAX. GROSS wT NORMAL CATEGORY WEIGHT vs C.G. ENVELOPE sl 9t 86 87 89 90 92, 93 --*---2ro I (r, c, o6 J-1 F T 9-1u, ;t!- z-l J o. tc. 800 $ to 600 1 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 c.G. LOCATION (INCHES AFT DATUM) C.G. RANGE AND WEIGHT Figure 6-15 REPORT: VB-1618 6-14 ISSUED: JULY 12,1995